Kwimarike yaseTshayina, iphi indlela yezithambiso zeemoto?

Kwimarike yaseTshayina, iphi indlela yezithambiso zeemoto?

Omnye ukusuka kumkhosi we-OEM ukuya kwi-brand brand ezimeleyo

Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1980, ishishini leemoto elidityanelweyo lase-Sino laqala ukubonakala e-China, kwaye iimveliso zemoto zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana neVolkswagen, iGeneral Motors kunye neFord zaqala ukungena kwimarike yelizwe laseTshayina. Ukoyiswa bubuchwephesha bokwenza iimoto zemveli, i-China ngokuthe ngcembe iyashenxa kwimbali yayo ebuhlungu yeemoto "ezenziwe ngesandla". Ukusukela ngoko, iSantana, iBeijing Jeep, iSAIC Volkswagen kunye nezinye iimodeli ziye zavela ezitalatweni zaseTshayina kwaye zaduma kwishishini lemoto laseTshayina. Kwangaxeshanye, amashishini anyukayo nasezantsi eendawo zemoto ezixhasa iimoto nawo aphuhla ngokuguquguqukayo kwilizwe liphela. Izithambiso zezona zinto zibalulekileyo nezicacileyo zenkqubo yenkxaso yoshishino lweemoto. Ngeminyaka yoo-1960, kunye neemfuno zemveliso yoshishino lweemoto kunye ne-aerospace, ishishini lokuthambisa laqala kancinci kancinci. Ngeminyaka yoo-1990, iinkampani zaseTshayina zokuthambisa ezikhokelwa yiGreat Wall Lubricants zaqala ukukhula. Ngexesha elifanayo, iinkampani ezininzi zabucala zokuthambisa zavela. Umzekelo, esekwe ngo-2004, iRibang Technology izithambiso zamandla amatsha kunye namanye amashishini aziwayo okuthambisa asekhaya.

Kwinqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso lweshishini le-lubricant, amashishini aseTshayina aswele imveliso ye-lubricant esemgangathweni kunye neteknoloji yokucubungula. Ngentsebenziswano kunye neempawu zangaphandle, ngokuthe ngcembe baqokelele imveliso yabo enzulu kunye neteknoloji yokucubungula. Emva kokuqonda ngokuthe ngcembe imveliso kunye nolawulo lomgangatho, amashishini amaninzi abucala e-China abambe iminyaka yegolide yokunyuka kweemoto zasekhaya kunye nophuhliso lwentengiso yasemva kwemoto, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe aphuhliswa kwimveliso ye-OEM yeempawu ezintathu eziphambili kwimarike yamazwe ngamazwe ye-Meijia Shell. . Uphawu olomeleleyo lishishini elomeleleyo, kwaye ishishini elomeleleyo lilizwe elomeleleyo. Kule minyaka ilishumi izayo, iimpawu zasekhaya ezizimeleyo ziya kuqhubeka nokunyuka, ngelixa isikhundla esikhokelayo semarike sezinye iimpawu zamazwe ngamazwe ezaziwayo ziya kuncipha ngokuthe ngcembe. Iimveliso zikhuphisana nabo bakwizikhundla zabo ngovakalelo lwemarike, imveliso ebhetyebhetye kunye nokusebenza kweendleko eziphezulu. Idatha efanelekileyo ibonisa ukuba ngo-2021, iimpawu ze-lubricant zangaphandle zithatha i-93.9% yemarike yasekhaya, ngelixa iimveliso ezizimeleyo zithatha kuphela i-6.1% yesabelo semarike. Imakethi enkulu yasekhaya yezithambiso phantse yonganyelwe ziimpawu zangaphandle.

Okwesibini, ukusuka kwitshaneli ukuya kwimveliso yokwenene, ukusuka kwixabiso ukuya kwinkonzo

Ngaphambili, imarike yasekhaya yezithambiso yayisetyenziswa kakhulu ziimpawu ezintathu eziphambili kunye nezinye iibrendi zamazwe ngamazwe, ezithatha phantse i-97% yesabelo semarike. Ke, ngaphambili, abathengisi be-lubricant babekwazi ukubonelela ngamajelo akwinqanaba lokuqala, okuthetha ukuba ilungelo lokuthetha kulo mmandla, kodwa lithetha ukuba unokuxoka ukwenza imali, kwaye inzuzo ityebile kakhulu. Namhlanje, kukho ngaphezu kwe-6,000 yeebrendi ze-lubricant kwimarike yasekhaya. Into engekhoyo kwimarike ayiseyomveliso, kungasathethwa ke ngejelo. Xa kudityaniswa nokwanda okukhulu kolwazi olungafihlisiyo, ukufikelela akusenzima. Ingaba imveliso ngokwayo inokuzisa indawo ethile yenzuzo kumthengisi ibe ngumgangatho obalulekileyo kwixesha lomthamo wangaphakathi. Iibrendi zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana neebrendi ezintathu eziphambili ziye zaba ngoovulindlela bezentengiso ngenxa yokungafihli kwentengiso yazo ephezulu kunye nengeniso yexabiso eliphantsi. Emva koko kukho izixhobo zangaphambili ezikumgangatho ophantsi, kodwa ngoku zithe cwaka zatshintshwa ziimpawu zazo. Iinkonzo zokumisa ezicokisiweyo kunye nolawulo olungqongqo lwemalike lube lukhetho oluphakathi kunye nexesha elide lwenzuzo kubathengisi abaninzi.

Iimeko zokwenziwa kwezithambiso zomgunyathi zikwaxhaphakile, kwaye ukwenziwa kwemveliso yomgunyathi kudla ngokubakho kwiimpawu zamazwe ngamazwe ezifana neempawu ezintathu eziphambili. Ngenxa yokuba iitshaneli zokulawula kunzima ukulawula ngokungqongqo kwaye ulwazi lwemarike luphezulu kakhulu, akukho ndawo yeefake, kodwa ngenxa yezinto ezifana nolawulo lwetshaneli kunye nokulawulwa kwenkonzo yeempawu ezizimeleyo, kunye negunya lokuthenga elibuthathaka kunye nezinye izinto, kukho ifakes. Izithambiso zasekhaya zigxininisa umgangatho ophezulu kunye neendleko ezifanelekileyo. Ngokusebenzisa ukulawulwa kweendleko zokunyuka kunye nezantsi kwekhonkco lezoshishino, sinokuvelisa umgangatho ophezulu kunye neemveliso zexabiso eliphantsi, sinciphisa rhoqo ixabiso leoli yokuthambisa, kwaye sizuze ngokuthe ngqo uninzi lwabanini beemoto. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ii-brand ezizimeleyo zasekhaya ziye zaqonda ukuba imfazwe yexabiso ayinakuba yimpembelelo yokuxhasa uphuhliso lwexesha elide lophawu, kwaye baye bandisa iinzame zabo kwiitheminali zokuthengisa kunye neenkonzo, ezifana nokuhlala kwiingqondo zabathengi be-terminal. kunye nokusebenzisa amajelo osasazo amakhulu amatsha kupapasho, adlale indima ethile.

Iindlela ezintathu zentsebenziswano

Ukusukela kumashishini akufutshane ukuya phezulu ukuya kufutshane nabanikezeli benkonzo abasezantsi ngaphambili, ishishini lokuthambisa lalilawulwa ngokupheleleyo ngabavelisi. Ubudlelwane phakathi komthengisi kunye nomvelisi bobunye bokuthenga nokuthengisa. Abathengisi basebenza njengabavelisi beemveliso kunye neempahla. I-viscosity ye-diversion channel kumenzi iphantsi kakhulu, ingasathethi ngokunyaniseka. Ngexesha apho imijelo iyinkosi, inzuzo kuphela kwekhonkco. Kukho inzuzo, akuyi kubakho ukunqongophala kwamaqabane.

Ukuncamathela phakathi kwabathengisi kunye nabavelisi kuye kwaba yinto exabiseke kakhulu yokuzinza kubavelisi. Ukuze kuxhaswe abathengisi, abavelisi baya kutyala imali eyongezelelweyo kubathengisi, kwaye badibanise abathengisi kwingingqi ukuze bafezekise ukucwiliswa kwemarike yengingqi. Ke ngoko, "ukutshona" kuye kwaba sisikhalo sokucela iibrendi ezizimeleyo ukuba ziqalise uhlaselo kwindawo yentengiso. Umzekelo, izithambiso zeRibon zidibanisa umdla womnye nomnye, kwaye zide zivumele abathengisi ukuba babe yinxalenye yomzi-mveliso ngokwabelana ngokulinganayo okanye ukusasazwa, ukuze kuphunyezwe indlela yokusasazwa kwenzuzo yexesha elide.

Umahluko weendawo ezine

Imarike yezithambiso izele ngamathuba, kodwa nemingeni kunye nemigibe. Okwangoku, kukho iindlela ezintandathu eziphambili kuphuhliso lweebrendi eziphambili zokuthambisa kwimarike yasekhaya:

Okokuqala, yakha ngokuqinileyo iimpawu ezizimeleyo, ngakumbi nangakumbi ingqalelo kwiimpawu ezizimeleyo.

Ezinje ngeoyile yokuthambisa i-Great Wall, iTekhnoloji yeLongpan, iCompton, iikhilomitha ezingama-zero zokuthambisa ioyile njalo njalo.

Okwesibini kukubonelela ngokungaguqukiyo iimveliso ezixhasayo kwiimpawu ezizimeleyo. Ukongeza kwi-oyile yokuthambisa, kukho iimveliso ezixhasa i-oyile yokuthambisa, ezifana neoyile yamafutha, izongezo zokugcinwa kwe-injini ye-oyile yokuthambisa, kunye neemveliso ezisemanzini ezifana ne-antifreeze. Umzekelo, iTeknoloji yeLongpan ivelisa iimveliso ezisekwe emanzini ukuze ziqhubeke zityebisa izakhono zenkonzo yenkampu yophawu lwayo kwaye ithathe indawo yentengiso.

Okwesithathu, kuthatha uphawu lwayo njengebhena, kwaye izabalazela ukuba yi "Liangshan Hero base" edibanisa iibrendi ezininzi zeoyile ezifana nePetrochemical edibeneyo, iLake Technology, kunye neNew Century New Energy, igxile ekudibaneni kwe-OEM. Kuyathenjwa ukuba ngamandla ayo omzi-mveliso, iya kuba yindawo yangasemva kunye nenkxaso yeebrendi ezininzi kwaye incede iibrendi ezininzi ezizimeleyo zihambe ngenqanawa kude.

Okwesine, imveliso yokuqala ye-OEM kunye nophando kunye nophuhliso njengenzuzo engundoqo. Ngelixa siqhubeka nokugcina ukukhuphisana kwe-OEM, ngoku siphuhlisa ngamandla iimpawu ezizimeleyo ze-OBM, ezifana ne-Meihe Technology, i-Yuangen Petrochemical, njl., ukufezekisa ukuphuhliswa okufanayo kweedrive ezimbini.

Okwesihlanu, ngokuzivelela kunye nophuhliso lwamanye amajelo, ukudityaniswa kunye nokuvela kwemithombo yobutyebi, amanye amandla amatsha akhokelwa kukuthengwa kwempahla esembindini kunye nekhonkco lokubonelela liyenyuka, eliya kuhambelana nezibonelelo ezihambelanayo zezithambiso eziphambili eziphambili. Amashishini ukusebenzisana ne-OEM, okanye intsebenziswano yohlobo olulodwa lwelayisenisi, okanye intsebenziswano yohlobo olubini. Ngamajelo kunye nentsebenziswano kunye neefektri ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezifumene uphuhliso olukhawulezayo.

Okwesithandathu, kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ezinye iibrendi ezaziwayo kumazwe ngamazwe zeminyaka eyi-100 ziye zaba ngababoneleli abaphambili kwiindidi ezingundoqo zezixhobo zokusingathwa emva kwekhulu leminyaka yokulima ngamandla.

Ngexesha elifanayo, impembelelo ye-brand iye yaqatshelwa yimarike. Ngokusebenzisa imigangatho engqongqo yemveliso yamazwe ngamazwe, imigangatho yenkqubo yoqinisekiso lwe-OEM, kwaye idityaniswe nokusebenza kwemarike, iphinde yazimanya nomzila wemveliso yokuthambisa kwaye yazuza uphuhliso olukhawulezayo.

Kwelinye icala, i-oyile yokuthambisa lukhuphiswano phakathi kweebrendi, kwaye kwelinye icala, ikwalukhuphiswano phakathi kwekhonkco lokubonelela kunye nezibonelelo zeshishini emva kophawu. Kwishishini le-automotive aftermarket, inye kuphela into enokuba yithoni engunaphakade, kwaye oko kukuthi: ukubonelela abathengi ngexabiso elikhulu kunye neyona nto ixabisa kakhulu iimveliso kunye neenkonzo ezisemgangathweni. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba imfazwe yexabiso, into ebalulekileyo kukuqokelela kunye nokulawulwa kweempawu ezahlukeneyo kwishishini. Kunzima ukutsho ukuba ngubani onokudlala kakuhle kwaye aqhubeke nokudlala kakuhle. Ingxelo yemarike iya kubonisa ukuba kuphela abaphumeleleyo bemodeli + inkonzo + imveliso + inkqubo yexabiso banokuphuma kwisangqa.